Scientists suggest increased perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) blood levels are consequence of early menopause and kidney disease, not cause
Phthalates and cardiovascular disease
Review article summarizes evidence on phthalates’ effects on reproductive and cardiovascular systems; association with increased cardiovascular risk possible
Health effects: How to identify causation?
Royal Society of Medicine hosts anniversary workshop on milestone work for environmental epidemiology by researcher Bradford Hill; commemorates his 1965 lecture ‘Environment and disease: Association or causation?’
PFOA and PFOS harm immune system
Scientific panel and U.S. National Toxicology Program conclude that PFOA and PFOA are likely hazardous to the human immune system
Chemicals and global burden of disease
International scientists review early-life environmental contributions to disease, identify chemical exposure as leading factor to be considered, discuss challenges, outlook
Accumulation of carcinogens in people
Report by Environmental Working Group compiles inventory of carcinogens present in the bodies of American people; recommends further studying carcinogenic ‘cocktails’ and reducing exposures
Early puberty in girls
The Wall Street Journal discusses early onset of puberty in U.S. girls; obesity and exposure to EDCs considered key factors, according to experts
Epidemiology of mixtures: Xenoestrogens and breast cancer
Scientists find strong association between breast cancer risk and total burden of xenoestrogens; in contrast, individual compounds show only weak associations, if any
Carcinogenicity of chemical mixtures
The Halifax Project assesses potential role of low-dose chemical mixtures in developing cancer
Key characteristics of carcinogens
Scientists propose ten key characteristics of carcinogens to be used as a basis for organizing and evaluating mechanistic data collected in support of hazard identification