Dossiers

Microplastics have been found in all environmental compartments and in biota. Food is one source of human exposure to microplastics, and initial studies have shown that food packaging and processing equipment can contribute to this contamination. Risk assessment of microplastics that is based on exposure and toxicity data is currently hampered by insufficient data.

Biobased polymers and biodegradable plastics are both referred to as bioplastics. In contrast to non-degradable petrol-based plastics, materials such as starch-based polymers and polylactides are biobased and compostable under controlled conditions. Types, applications, toxicity and regulation of biobased polymers and biodegradable plastic used in food contact materials are summarized in the dossier.

Biocides are used on the surface of, or integrated into, food contact materials (FCMs). They help with reducing food spoilage and food-borne illnesses. This dossier summarizes the applications, benefits, and risks of biocides used in FCMs and explains U.S. and EU regulations.